Database Security is essential
Security can be administered in the form of:
-A database Password
-User-Level Security

Compacting a Database
-Backing up a Database
-Importing and Linking external data

Database Password
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-Simplest mode of securing a database.
-Not very fool proof.
-Database password to be used for opening database and accessing data from it.

Encryption
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The encrypted database cannot be read by using any Disk Editors.
Encrypting a database degrades its performance. The RDBMS takes care of ‘Decrypting’ the database.

User Level Security
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1. Read, Write, Delete and modify structure of tables
2. Read, and Write
3. Only Write

Groups
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Very useful when there are a number of people who are performing the same role.

Assigning permissions
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GRANT: Grants permissions to user.
GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON OrderMaster TO john;

REVOKE: Revokes permissions from user.
REVOKE INSERT ON OrderMaster FROM john;

The Data Dictionary
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Data dictionary stores Meta data (data about data)
Oracle maintains all this information in “System Tables”

Workgroup Information File
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Also called ‘Workgroup’ or ‘System’ file
This file is called System.mdw
Stores Usernames, Passwords and the Groups to which each user belongs.
Access reads this file at startup
Access cant start if this file is lost or damaged
Created by Access at installation time
New WIF is created through WRKGADM .EXE utility

Optimising Tables
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Tables need to be optimised to ensure that they operate efficiently.

1. Avoid Redundant Data
2. Choose Appropriate Data Type
3. Index Only When Necessary

Compacting an Access Database
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1. A database gets fragmented due to addition, modification and removal of data.
2. Scattering of data is called fragmentation.
3. Compacting rearranges the way data is stored on the disk.
4. Reduces disk space occupied by database and Increases speed of data retrieval.

Backing up
——————
1. Backup databases to prevent loss of data
2. The workgroup information file also need to be backed up.
3. Backups are typically maintained on devices like floppy zip or tape drive.
4. Maintain a copy in a different location.

Importing and Linking
———————————
Importing creates a duplicate copy of the data in Access. Changes made to the imported data does not affect the original data.

Linking creates a reference to the master database in Access. Changes made to the linked data is reflected in the original data as well.

Conclusion
—————–
1. Security is essential
2. Access support different methods of security: Database password, Encryption and User level security.
3. Access to database can be speeded up
4. Database needs to be backed up from time to time
5. External data can be linked or imported

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Now a days it become very common that websites are hacked by hackers / attackers with or without any reasons but how to prevent from such dangerous people?

As a blogger, lot of patience is required to write post on their blogging site with using utmost skills in writing and arranging information in legible manner but what happens if somebody hacks your site? Of course it huge frustration and lot of anger. But having said that the world is having good people also to prevent such attacks and they are real programmer or real software engineer who works for the betterment of the society they live in and not like hackers, who always hide their face from society just like thieves.

Now coming to real fact,

To prevent your site from hackers or attackers you need to implement 2 step-authentication systems provided by Google Authenticator (an app on android / apple store) this app can be downloaded freely on your smart phone.

Once the app is downloaded to your smart phone and do some basic settings like “Account name” and “Your key” and also select a random code to generate frequently based on “Time based” or “Counter based”. [you can also scan the QR code generated after clicking on “Create New Secret key”]

After this step on your smart phone, now login to your WordPress site and download a plug-in called “Google Authenticator” as look like in the following screen shot.

After successful download, activate it. And go to “Users” then ”Your Profile” on wordpress dashboard and do the basic settings on Google Authenticator tab as following.

Now click on update.

That’s all, when you login next time to your wordpress blog / site you’ll be prompted with 2step-verification (i.e. one is your user name and password and second is security key provided by your app on smart phone)

Now your site is protected with 2step verification so there is almost no chance of hacking your site by hackers because they require user name / password and your smart phone to generate the random key!

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