1. Multi-Level Inheritance in Python

#Multilevel Inheritance in Python
class India:
    def first(self):
        print ('India is the largest democratic country in the world')

class Karnataka(India):
    def sec(self):
        print ('Karnataka is famous for IT and Coffee Production')

class Bengaluru(Karnataka):
    def third(self):
        print ('Bengaluru also known as Garden city!')
b=Bengaluru()
b.first()
b.sec()
b.third()

Output of the above program is :

India is the largest democratic country in the world
Karnataka is famous for IT and Coffee Production
Bengaluru also known as Garden city!

2. Hierarchical Inheritance in Python example

# Hierarchial Inheritance using Python
class Details:
    def __init__(self):
        self.__id=""       
        self.__name=""
        self.__gender=""
    def setData(self,id,name,gender):
        self.__id=id
        self.__name=name
        self.__gender=gender
    def showData(self):
        print("Id: ",self.__id)
        print("Name: ", self.__name)
        print("Gender: ", self.__gender)
class Employee(Details): #Inheritance
    def __init__(self):
        self.__company=""
        self.__dept=""
    def setEmployee(self,id,name,gender,comp,dept):
        self.setData(id,name,gender)
        self.__company=comp
        self.__dept=dept
    def showEmployee(self):
        self.showData()
        print("Company: ", self.__company)
        print("Department: ", self.__dept)
class Doctor(Details): #Inheritance
    def __init__(self):
        self.__hospital=""
        self.__dept=""
    def setDoctor(self,id,name,gender,hos,dept):
        self.setData(id,name,gender)
        self.__hospital=hos
        self.__dept=dept
    def showDoctor(self):
        self.showData()
        print("Hospital: ", self.__hospital)
        print("Department: ", self.__dept)

def main2():
    print("Employee Object")
    e=Employee()
    e.setEmployee(1,"SHARAN","Male","ITC","Sales Manager")
    e.showEmployee()
    print("\nDoctor Object")
    d = Doctor()
    d.setDoctor(1, "Ramesh", "Male", "AIIMS", "ENT")
    d.showDoctor()
main2()

Output of the above program is :

Employee Object
Id: 1
Name: SHARAN
Gender: Male
Company: ITC
Department: Sales Manager

Doctor Object
Id: 1
Name: Ramesh
Gender: Male
Hospital: AIIMS
Department: ENT

3. Hybrid Inheritance in Python

#Hybrid Inheritance using Python
class Emp:
    cname="MIT India"
 
class SystemAdmin(Emp):
    srole="System Admin"
     
class WebDev(Emp):
    wrole="UI Developer"
     
class DBA(WebDev, SystemAdmin,Emp):
    drole="Data Base Creating"
     
obj=DBA()
print("Company Name:"+obj.cname)
print("SysAdmin:"+obj.srole)
print("WebDev:"+obj.wrole)
print("DBA:"+obj.drole)

Output of the above program is :

Company Name:MIT India
SysAdmin:System Admin
WebDev:UI Developer
DBA:Data Base Creating

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import java.io.*;
class Student 
{
int rollno;
String nm;
}
class Marks extends Student
{
int p, c, m, tot;
Marks()
{
try
{
DataInputStream in=new DataInputStream(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter Roll No:");
rollno=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());

System.out.print("Enter Name:");
nm=in.readLine();

System.out.print("Enter Phy Marks:");
p=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());

System.out.print("Enter Che Marks:");
c=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());

System.out.print("Enter Maths Marks:");
m=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());
tot=p+c+m;
}
catch(IOException e) {System.out.println("Error in input"); System.exit(1);}
}
void show()
{
System.out.println("RollNo : " + rollno);
System.out.println("Name : " + nm);
System.out.println("Physics : " + p);
System.out.println("Chemistry : " + c);
System.out.println("Maths : " + m);
System.out.println("Total : " + tot);
}
}
class Inherit
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Marks sm=new Marks();
sm.show();
}
}

Java program to display Employee Salary information using Inheritance.

class Emp_det
{
int eno=100;
String nm="Ravi";
}

class Salary extends  Emp_det
{
int bs=34567, pf=500;
int net=bs-pf;

void show()
{
System.out.println("Employee Number:" +eno);
System.out.println("Employee Name:" +nm);
System.out.println("Employee Basic Pay:" +bs);
System.out.println("Employee PF:" +pf);
System.out.println("Employee Net Pay:" +net);
}
}
public class Inherit_emp
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Salary s=new Salary();
s.show();
}
}

Java Program to show Multiple Inheritance using Java Interface

import java.lang.*;
import java.io.*;

interface Exam
{
void percent_cal();
}
class Student
{
String name;
int roll_no,mark1,mark2;
Student(String n, int r, int m1, int m2)
{
name=n;
roll_no=r;
mark1=m1;
mark2=m2;
}

void display()
{
System.out.println ("Name of Student: "+name);
System.out.println ("Roll No. of Student: "+roll_no);
System.out.println ("Marks of Subject 1: "+mark1);
System.out.println ("Marks of Subject 2: "+mark2);
}
}
class Result extends Student implements Exam
{
Result(String n, int r, int m1, int m2)
{
super(n,r,m1,m2);
}

public void percent_cal()
{
int total=(mark1+mark2);
float percent=total/2;
System.out.println ("Percentage: "+percent+"%");
}
    
void display()
{
super.display();
}
}
class Mi
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Result R = new Result("John",01,90,84);
R.display();
R.percent_cal();
}
}

Java Program to show Multi Level Inheritance.

class A 
{ 
void DisplayA() 
{ 
System.out.println("Class A"); 
} 
} 

class B extends A 
{ 
void DisplayB() 
{ 
System.out.println("Class B"); 
} 
} 

class C extends B 
{ 
void DisplayC() 
{ 
System.out.println("Class C"); 
} 
} 

class MLevel 
{ 
public static void main(String args[]) 
{ 
C c = new C(); 
c.DisplayA(); 
c.DisplayB(); 
c.DisplayC(); 
} 
}

Java Packages

Java Packages enable grouping of functionally related classes
Package names are dot separated, e.g., java.lang.
Package names have a correspondence with the directory structure.
Packages Avoid name space collision.
There can not be two classes with same name in  a same Package But two packages can have a class with same name.

To Create user defined Packages in Java, follow the steps.
1. Create a folder named eg: mypack in your current working directory.
2. Create a file called “Welcome.java” in mypack folder only with following code in it.

package mypack;
public class Welcome
{
public void show()
{
System.out.println("Welcome to user defined packages!");
}
}

3. Compile the above program and let it create the .class file (something like Welcome.class) but don’t run this program! I repeat only compile it.

4. Now, please come out from the directory or folder or package folder “mypack” and stay in your normal java or javaprograms directory, now create an another java file, namely, eg:pack.java

5. Enter the following code into “pack.java”

import mypack.Welcome;
class pack
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Welcome w=new Welcome();
w.show();
}
}

6. Now, compile and run the above program, you can see the following line of output message which was actually written  in the package called “Welcome.java“.

Welcome to user defined packages!

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