Android’s latest operating system is now available for all Android fans with lots of new features, especially multi-window features which make one to open more than one app at a time.

Of course whenever Google releases new versions of Android, they focus more on security which is big concern as per smart phones are concerned and even more important when we use our smart phone as payment wallet – now a days it is quite common to use smart phone for all payment transactions like mobile recharge, DTH recharge, movie ticket booking, fund transfer from one account to another etc.

Keeping in mind all above parameters with extra care and security with neat design and interface, Google has released Android’s new version called – Android Nougat. [7.0]

Android Nougat features

• Powerful screen saver feature
• The Best Multitasking mobile OS
• Open multiple [2 apps] windows at same time
• Now you can view 2 chrome tabs
• Drag and drop text or images from one window to another in multi-window mode.
• Clear all recent used apps.
• Extra check for .apk files other than from Playstore installed.
• List of notifications.
• Direct reply from notification bar.
• Extra notification settings.
• Best Data Saver option
• Best Animated notification tiles.
• Easier Navigation.
• Bunch of new emoji.
• You can cancel the app downloads during downloading[cancel button].

So those who are using moto g4 / lg/ samsung or other upgradable smart phones can now upgrade to Android’s Nougat and lots of new features.

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Basics of Android:
1) Open source OS
2) Uses Linux kernel
3) Optimized for limited-resource environment
4) Apps typically written in Java
5) Apps run on the Dalvik Virtual Machine
6) Not a JVM, but works similarly from developer’s point of view
7) Usually one app per DVM
8) Each DVM runs under Linux as a separate user
9)App permissions set at install time
10) Possible to use C or C++ compiled to machine code, but still runs on VM.

Standard development environment is Eclipse + Android Development Tools plugin + Android SDK or Android Studio, which is new IDE from Google for developer and Development requires either an Android OS device or an emulator Emulator has limitations: Performance is poor Camera, etc., simulated using your computer’s hardware No real phone calls or texts GPS data, battery readings, etc. must be simulated Real device is affected by specific hardware and software configuration.
Android installation

android studio can be downloaded from here and to set up android on windows machine, follow the steps.

1. Click on .exe file to start setup.
   2. Follow steps as mentioned on the setup screens.3. Set Environment variables for JAVA:- Select Start menu > Computer > System Properties > Advanced System Properties. Then open Advanced tab > Environment Variables and add a new system variable JAVA_HOME that points to your JDK folder, for example C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.2

creating first android program/app

Steps to create your first Android Program/App:-

1) Application Name: application name is nothing but the name of your app. This name is visible on the screen when the app is installed. The application name is also shown in Google Play Store when you upload your application.

2) Project Name: Project name is the name of your project that gets created in eclipse. You can give any name to your project. Package Name: This is very important. Package name is used to uniquely identify your application on Play Store. You should follow the java package convention for the package name . The package name is not shown to the user but should not change ever. A good approach to choose package name is to use the reverse of your company domain name. For example :- com.mitindia

3) Min Required SDK: As you might know, Android started with version 1.5 and its current version is 5.0 These numbers represents different flavors of Android, like 2.3 is termed Gingerbread, 4.1 as Ice Cream Sandwich etc. These names are used for marketing the OS, while version numbers are of interest to developers. Min Required SDK field gives you the flexibility to decide which version of android at minimum you want to support. For example, if you create an application for android 2.3 it will work on android 4.4. In general, it is advisable to have minimum support of 2.3.3 API Version 9.

4) Target SDK: This setting tells android that even though your app will be able to run on its previous android version, but it is explicitly tested with version specified here in this field.

5) Compile With: This option gives lets you choose the version of SDK you want to compile with. Typically,the highest version which is available in your ADT should be chosen here. This will compile your app with the latest code and optimizations.

6) Theme: If you are creating apps for version 4.X and above you can have an application wide theme. These themes are nothing but some pre defined color schemes, which you can use to improve your application’s User Interface.

SUM of 2 Numbers programs using Android

for more detail you can browse here

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Step 1. in activity_main.xml file copy the following code.

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:text="Enter First number"
      android:id="@+id/t1" />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="103dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/n1"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Enter second number"
        android:id="@+id/t2"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_below="@+id/n1"
        android:layout_toStartOf="@+id/n1"
        android:layout_marginTop="39dp" />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="92dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/n2"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_alignTop="@+id/t2"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="209dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/n3"
        android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
        android:layout_below="@+id/n2"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/n2"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/n2"
        android:layout_marginTop="36dp" />

    <Button
        android:text="Click here"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/btn"
        android:layout_gravity="bottom"
        android:layout_centerVertical="true"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/t1"
        android:layout_toEndOf="@+id/t1" />


</RelativeLayout>

step2: in the MainActivity.java enter following code

 package app.mitindia.com.aop;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;


public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


        final EditText ed1=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.n1);
        final EditText ed2=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.n2);
        final EditText ed3=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.n3);

        Button btn=(Button)findViewById(R.id.btn);
        btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {

                int x=new Integer(ed1.getText().toString());
                int y=new Integer(ed2.getText().toString());
                int sum=x+y;
                ed3.setText(String.valueOf(sum));

            }
        });


    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();

        //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

Step 3: Now, Run the application see the following output.

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